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Chronic partial obstructive urolithiasis causing hydronephrosis and chronic renal failure in a steer.

B M Aldridge¹, F B Garry

¹Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523.

The Cornell Veterinarian

|July 1, 1992

Summary

This study reports a rare case of chronic partial urethral obstruction in a steer, leading to end-stage renal disease. Urolithiasis in ruminants typically causes complete obstruction, making this case unique.

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Medicine
Animal Science
Urology

Background:

Urolithiasis is a common condition in ruminants, often leading to complete urethral obstruction and severe consequences.
Ruminant urolithiasis typically presents with acute, complete obstruction due to calculi.
Economic factors often influence treatment decisions in affected livestock.

Observation:

A 13-month-old Angus steer presented with a six-week history of lethargy, malaise, and dribbling urine.
Laboratory analysis revealed crystalluria and impaired renal function.
Ultrasound imaging demonstrated hydronephrosis and hydroureter, indicative of urinary tract obstruction.

Findings:

Necropsy revealed multiple calculi causing a chronic partial urethral obstruction.

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The obstruction was located approximately 25 cm from the penile tip.

Secondary renal changes consistent with end-stage renal disease were confirmed.

Implications:

This case represents the first report of chronic partial obstructive urolithiasis leading to end-stage renal disease in ruminants.
The findings highlight the potential for chronic, partial obstruction to result in severe renal pathology.
Understanding this presentation is crucial for accurate diagnosis and prognosis of urolithiasis in livestock.