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Respiratory physiologic changes in pregnancy.

Robert A Wise1, Albert J Polito, Vidya Krishnan

  • 1Department of Medicine (Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. rwise@jhmi.edu

Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America
|January 31, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Pregnancy causes increased ventilation and respiratory alkalosis due to heightened respiratory center drive. Most lung diseases are well-tolerated during pregnancy, except for pulmonary hypertension and chronic respiratory insufficiency.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Pulmonology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Pregnancy involves significant maternal physiologic adaptations.
  • Understanding respiratory system changes is crucial for managing pregnant patients with lung disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the key respiratory physiologic changes during pregnancy.
  • To outline the implications for pregnant individuals with pre-existing lung conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established physiological changes in pregnancy.
  • Analysis of respiratory function parameters during gestation.

Main Results:

  • Increased minute ventilation driven by enhanced respiratory center sensitivity.

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  • Compensated respiratory alkalosis and reduced expiratory reserve volume.
  • Vital capacity and forced expiration measures remain largely preserved.

    • Conclusions:

    • Most patients with lung disease tolerate pregnancy well.
    • Pulmonary hypertension and chronic respiratory insufficiency pose significant risks.