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Updated: Aug 13, 2026

Integrated Protocol for Assessing Meningeal Lymphatics: Cisterna Magna Injection, Lymph Node Imaging, Meningeal Dissection, and Whole-Mount Staining
Published on: May 29, 2026
Lymphocytic meningitis: incidence, causes and outcomes over five years
P Kinirons1, C Baily, C De Gascun
1Department of Clinical Neurology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4. peterkiz@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Over a five-year period 114 cases of lymphocytic meningitis were admitted to a general hospital. Case notes were reviewed to determine incidence, causes and outcomes and to identify what clinical features, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) parameters or other tests were useful in elucidating a cause. Of 114 patients with lymphocytic meningitis 44 had viral meningitis, six viral encephalitis, and seven had other infective meningo-encephalitis. Seven patients had carcinomatous meningitis, nine had an autoimmune/inflammatory process, thirteen had a demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) disorder, and two had an inflammatory neuropathy. In 26 patients no diagnosis was reached. Six of these showed clear steroid responsiveness. Overall lymphocytic meningitis had a good prognosis. Clinical and CSF characteristics were important in diagnosis and prognosis. Recommendations on management of these cases are presented.
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