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Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in pigeons
Olga Amann1, Merel J M Visschers, Gerry M Dorrestein
1Division of Avian and Exotic Animal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Universiteit Utrecht, Yalelaan 8, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands. o.amann@vet.uu.nl
Avian Pathology : Journal of the W.V.P.A
|February 2, 2006
Summary
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) in birds is poorly understood. This study establishes reference values for pancreatic enzymes in pigeons and reports a case of EPI, aiding future diagnoses.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Avian Health
- Comparative Pathology
Background:
- Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is a recognized condition in domestic animals, characterized by malabsorption due to insufficient digestive enzyme secretion.
- Limited scientific literature exists on EPI in avian species, hindering accurate diagnosis and treatment.
- Previous diagnoses in birds relied on clinical signs and treatment response, lacking objective biochemical markers.
Observation:
- This study determined reference ranges for plasma amylase and lipase, and fecal amylase and trypsin activities in healthy adult pigeons.
- Clinical signs of malabsorption, including voluminous feces, polyphagia, and weight loss, were observed.
- A case of EPI in a racing pigeon was diagnosed using clinical signs and reduced fecal enzyme activities.
Findings:
- Established reference values for plasma amylase (382–556 IU/l), plasma lipase (0–5 IU/l), fecal amylase (13–16 IU/l), and fecal trypsin (11–14 IU/l) in pigeons.
- Demonstrated the utility of measuring fecal amylase and trypsin activity for diagnosing EPI in pigeons.
- Reported a confirmed case of EPI in a racing pigeon (Columba livia domestica).
Implications:
- Provides crucial biochemical reference data for diagnosing pancreatic functional disorders in pigeons.
- Enables a more scientific and objective approach to diagnosing EPI in avian species.
- Facilitates earlier and more accurate diagnosis, potentially improving treatment outcomes for birds with EPI.