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Endogenous cortisol regulates immunoglobulin E-dependent late phase reactions.

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Physiological cortisol levels regulate allergic skin inflammation. Suppressing cortisol heightened late-phase reactions, indicating its role in controlling IgE-mediated events.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Serum cortisol levels exhibit diurnal variation and can be pharmacologically modulated.
  • Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated reactions are central to atopic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of physiological serum cortisol variations on IgE-mediated cutaneous responses.

Main Methods:

  • Atopic subjects underwent cutaneous antigen challenge.
  • Serum cortisol was suppressed using metyrapone or by evening challenges.
  • Early phase wheal (EPW) and late phase reaction (LPR) were measured.
  • LPR biopsies were analyzed for cellular infiltration.

Main Results:

  • Cortisol suppression significantly increased LPR diameters.
  • No significant effect on EPW was observed.
  • Biopsies showed increased leukocytoclasis, interstitial leukocytes, and eosinophils in LPR sites during cortisol suppression.
  • Hydrocortisone replacement reversed these effects.

Conclusions:

  • Physiological serum cortisol levels modulate IgE-dependent cutaneous inflammation.
  • Cortisol affects cellular events at LPR sites, regulating allergic skin responses.