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Beyond empathy: expanding expressions of caring
J M Morse1, J Bottorff, G Anderson
1School of Nursing, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802.
Journal of Advanced Nursing
|July 1, 1992
Summary
This study introduces a model of nurse communication with suffering patients, identifying four response types based on self/patient focus and reflexive/learned reactions. Understanding these patterns enhances patient care and nurse engagement.
Area of Science:
- Nursing
- Patient Care
- Communication Studies
Background:
- Effective communication is crucial for patient care, especially when patients are suffering.
- Nurses' responses can significantly impact patient experience and outcomes.
- Existing models may not fully capture the nuances of nurse-patient interaction during suffering.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a model describing nurses' responses to patients experiencing suffering.
- To identify distinct communication patterns based on nurse engagement and response type.
- To provide examples illustrating each identified communication pattern.
Main Methods:
- Development of a conceptual model based on theoretical frameworks.
- Analysis of nurse-patient interaction dynamics.
- Categorization of nurse responses into four distinct patterns.
Main Results:
- Identified four nurse response patterns: engaged, reflected, professional, and detached.
- Engaged responses indicate a connected relationship.
- Reflected responses are reflexive and self-focused; professional responses are learned and patient-focused; detached responses are learned and self-focused.
Conclusions:
- The proposed model offers a framework for understanding nurse responses to patient suffering.
- Differentiating between reflexive and learned, self-focused and patient-focused responses is key.
- This model can inform nursing education and practice to improve patient-centered communication.