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Systemic ototoxicity: a review.

N P Shine1, H Coates

  • 1Department of Paediatric Otolaryngology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Subiaco WA 6008, Perth, Western Australia.

East African Medical Journal
|February 3, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Systemic ototoxicity from quinine, furosemide, and aminoglycosides causes hearing and balance issues in sub-Saharan Africa. Awareness and monitoring are crucial to minimize risks and adverse outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Ototoxicology
  • Pharmacology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Systemic ototoxicity is a significant cause of vestibulocochlear morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa, leading to permanent hearing impairment and balance problems.
  • Three frequently prescribed systemic medications—quinine, furosemide, and aminoglycoside antibiotics—are implicated in ototoxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the ototoxic potential of quinine, furosemide, and aminoglycosides in the sub-Saharan setting.
  • To present the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, risk factors, and risk minimization strategies for drug-induced ototoxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of the biomedical literature, including PubMed searches.
  • Inclusion of studies on clinical ototoxicity, experimental studies, and research specific to sub-Saharan Africa.

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  • Consensus opinion formed on relevant articles based on evidence level, with systematic data extraction.

    • Main Results:

    • Quinine, furosemide, and aminoglycosides possess ototoxic potential.
    • Increased risk of ototoxicity is associated with high doses, prolonged treatment, and intravenous administration.
    • Patient's clinical condition, lack of monitoring, and absence of cost-effective alternatives exacerbate ototoxicity risks in Africa.

    Conclusions:

    • Clinicians must recognize the ototoxic risks associated with quinine, furosemide, and aminoglycosides.
    • Vigilance in identifying clinical manifestations of ototoxicity in at-risk patients is essential.
    • Addressing risk factors and improving monitoring are critical for reducing ototoxicity in sub-Saharan Africa.