The revised CES-D scale for caregivers of the elderly in India

The purpose of this article is to empirically determine the factor structure of the original Radloff's (1977) Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), on Indian caregivers of the elderly population. The CES-D was administered to 255 caregivers via face to face interviews. The confirmatory factor analysis results did not support the original four-factor theoretical structure, but did suggest a three-factor model. In addition the three-factor version showed high internal consistency among the sub scales. The results of the present study indicate that the revised CES-D scale reflects the difference in the manifestation of depression in caregivers of the elderly in the Indian community in Allahabad, India. This scale should be validated further by replication. Implications for future research are presented.