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Related Concept Videos

What is Cancer?02:12

What is Cancer?

Cells and tissues must meticulously coordinate their activities for the normal functioning of the human body. Therefore, they exhibit socially responsible behavior - resting, growing, dividing, differentiating, or dying - for the organism’s benefit. Cancer arises when cells divide uncontrollably and invade other tissues or organs.
Although people have known about cancer for centuries, it was only in 1761 that Giovanni Morgagni of Padua performed a detailed autopsy of patients who died from...
Cancer Prevention02:59

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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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What is Cancer?02:12

What is Cancer?

Cells and tissues must meticulously coordinate their activities for the normal functioning of the human body. Therefore, they exhibit socially responsible behavior - resting, growing, dividing, differentiating, or dying - for the organism’s benefit. Cancer arises when cells divide uncontrollably and invade other tissues or organs.
Although people have known about cancer for centuries, it was only in 1761 that Giovanni Morgagni of Padua performed a detailed autopsy of patients who died from...
Cancer Prevention02:59

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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Vinyl Chloride and High-Fat Diet as a Model of Environment and Obesity Interaction
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Published on: January 12, 2020

Alcohol and cancer.

Paolo Boffetta1, Mia Hashibe

  • 1International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. boffetta@iarc.fr

The Lancet. Oncology
|February 4, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alcohol consumption is a significant global cause of cancer, linked to numerous cancer types. Genetic factors and biological mechanisms influence alcohol

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Alcohol consumption is a major global health concern, contributing significantly to cancer incidence worldwide.
  • Established causal links exist between alcohol intake and several cancers, including oral cavity, liver, breast, and colorectal cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying alcohol's carcinogenic effects.
  • To explore how genetic variations in metabolic and DNA repair pathways modulate alcohol-induced cancer risk.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing epidemiological and molecular evidence linking alcohol consumption to cancer.
  • Analysis of proposed biological mechanisms, including genotoxicity, hormonal effects, and oxidative stress.

Main Results:

  • Alcohol consumption is causally associated with cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, liver, colon, rectum, and breast in women.
  • Suspected associations are noted for pancreatic and lung cancers.
  • Genetic polymorphisms in ethanol metabolism (e.g., alcohol dehydrogenases, aldehyde dehydrogenases, CYP2E1), folate metabolism, and DNA repair genes appear to modify cancer risk.

Conclusions:

  • Alcohol consumption is a preventable cause of cancer globally.
  • Mechanisms include acetaldehyde genotoxicity, altered estrogen levels, solvent effects on tobacco carcinogens, reactive species production, and folate metabolism disruption.
  • Understanding genetic modulation is crucial for personalized cancer prevention strategies.