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Collection and Extraction of Occupational Air Samples for Analysis of Fungal DNA

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Exposure of Indian agricultural workers to airborne microorganisms, dust and endotoxin during handling of various

Ewa Krysińska-Traczyk¹, Bhawanipant N Pande, Czesława Skórska

¹Department of Occupational Biohazards, Institute of Agricultural Medicine, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland. ekt@galen.imw.lublin.pl

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine : AAEM

|February 7, 2006

Summary

Airborne microbial concentrations, including bacteria and fungi, were high in Indian agricultural settings, especially during maize and pearl millet threshing. These biological hazards pose a risk of respiratory disease for agricultural workers.

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Area of Science:

Environmental microbiology
Occupational health
Agricultural science

Background:

Agricultural activities, such as harvesting and threshing, can lead to significant exposure to airborne microorganisms.
Previous studies have indicated potential health risks associated with airborne biological agents in agricultural environments.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the levels of airborne microorganisms, dust, and endotoxin in agricultural facilities in Aurangabad, India.
To identify specific microbial agents and pinpoint high-risk activities contributing to airborne biological hazards.

Main Methods:

Microbiological air sampling using personal samplers was conducted in 14 agricultural facilities.
Facilities included farms, godowns, and grain/cotton mills.
Concentrations of airborne microorganisms, dust, and endotoxin were measured.

Main Results:

Elevated airborne microbial concentrations, up to 1.1 x 10(7) cfu/m(3), were observed during maize and pearl millet threshing.
Thermophilic actinomycetes, Streptomyces, corynebacteria, and Gram-negative bacteria were prevalent during threshing.
High levels of airborne dust (up to 257.5 mg/m(3)) and endotoxin (up to 125.0 microg/m(3)) were recorded in most facilities.

Conclusions:

Indian agricultural workers face significant exposure to airborne biological hazards, including bacterial endotoxin and allergenic microbes.
Threshing of maize and pearl millet presents the highest risk for respiratory diseases.
Implementing preventive measures like respirators and modern machinery is crucial to mitigate these risks.