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Updated: Aug 11, 2026

Characterization and Application of Passive Samplers for Monitoring of Pesticides in Water
Published on: August 3, 2016
Passive sampler derived air concentrations of PBDEs along an urban-rural transect: spatial and temporal trends
Tom Harner1, Mahiba Shoeib, Miriam Diamond
1Science & Technology Branch, Environment Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Toronto, ON, Canada. tom.harner@ec.gc.ca
Abstract:
Passive air samplers consisting of polyurethane foam (PUF) disks housed in chambers were deployed at several sites along a approximately 75 km urban-rural gradient in Toronto and analyzed for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Samplers were allowed to integrate gas-phase PBDEs over three consecutive seasons starting in the summer of 2000. PBDEs were fairly uniform along the transect with air concentrations in Toronto (10-30 pgm(-3)) about a factor of two greater than at rural sites. Lowest concentrations were observed during the winter and probably associated with reduced inputs from indoor sources of PBDEs and to a preference for PBDEs to partition to the particle-phase at colder temperatures. The composition of PBDEs in the air samples did not differ across the transect or for the different seasons.
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