N3 potentials in response to high intensity auditory stimuli in animals with suspected cochleo-saccular deafness

We describe a previously un-reported vertex-negative potential evoked by high intensity click auditory stimuli in some dogs and cats with suspected cochleo-saccular deafness. Brainstem auditory evoked potential tracings from 24 unilaterally or bilaterally deaf animals, 22 dogs and 2 cats, among which 21 belonged to breeds with high prevalence of suspected or histologically confirmed cochleo-saccular deafness, were studied retrospectively. Values for latency, amplitude and threshold of this potential in dogs were 2.15+/-0.23 ms, 0.49+/-0.25 microV, and 91.9+/-4.7 dB NHL, respectively (mean+/-SD). Latency and threshold values in cats were in the mean+/-2 SD range of the dog values. Sensitivity to click stimulus polarity and to click stimulus delivery rate pointed towards a neural potential instead of a receptor potential. The vertex-negative wave observed in these animals shares all characteristics with the N3 potential described in some deaf humans with cochlear deafness, where it is presumed to arise from saccular stimulation. The combined degeneration of cochlea and sacculus usually reported in deaf white dogs and cats suggest that N3 may have a different origin in these species.