Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Enteral Nutrition I: Orogastric and Nasogastric Feeding01:26

Enteral Nutrition I: Orogastric and Nasogastric Feeding

725
Enteral nutrition delivers nutrients directly to the stomach or small intestine through a tube. This method is appropriate for patients who cannot eat but still have a functioning digestive system. It is also beneficial for individuals with swallowing difficulties, anorexia, malabsorption, or those who have undergone gastrointestinal (GI) surgery.
Orogastric (OG) and nasogastric (NG) feeding are two standard methods used for enteral nutrition. Enteral nutrition is often preferred over...
725
Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition01:27

Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition

454
Parenteral Nutrition (PN) delivers essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. It is commonly used for individuals with severe digestive disorders or conditions that prevent normal nutrient absorption.
PN can be administered through two primary routes:
1. Central Parenteral Nutrition (CPN):
CPN involves delivering a high concentration of nutrients through a large vein. This is typically achieved using a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) or,...
454
Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding01:15

Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding

445
Enteral nutrition encompasses various methods of delivering nutrition directly to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, bypassing traditional oral intake. It is particularly beneficial for patients who cannot eat by mouth but have a functioning digestive system. Key methods include nasointestinal feeding, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy, each suited to different clinical scenarios based on the patient's needs and condition.
Nasointestinal Feeding
Nasointestinal feeding involves placing a tube...
445
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

1.2K
The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
1.2K
Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral01:25

Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral

2.6K
The administration of drugs via parenteral routes allows for direct drug introduction into the systemic circulation, resulting in high bioavailability because the medication bypasses the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic metabolism.
The intravenous route (IV) of drug administration can be further categorized into two types. The bolus injection administers the entire dose rapidly, while an intravenous infusion slowly delivers smaller doses steadily.
The IV route is often...
2.6K
Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

1.1K
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Potential time-sensitive biomarkers for the detection of acute mesenteric ischaemia: a systematic review of animal data.

Biomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals·2026
Same author

Alterations of vitamin D metabolism and requirements in clinical conditions with impaired gastro-intestinal and renal function and in critical illness.

The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology·2025
Same author

One-year survival and quality of life after acute mesenteric ischemia: Follow-up of the AMESI study.

The journal of trauma and acute care surgery·2025
Same author

Priority setting for nutrition research in individuals with spinal cord injury: A protocol for Delphi study among health professionals.

PloS one·2025
Same author

Comparison between endovascular and surgical treatment of acute arterial occlusive mesenteric ischemia.

World journal of emergency surgery : WJES·2025
Same author

Radiological diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia in adult patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Scientific reports·2025
Same journal

Endoscopic techniques to minimize gastroesophageal reflux during peroral endoscopic myotomy.

Current opinion in gastroenterology·2026
Same journal

Postendoscopy esophageal adenocarcinoma and neoplasia: current status and future directions.

Current opinion in gastroenterology·2026
Same journal

The complement system in inflammatory bowel disease: from early observations to emerging frontiers.

Current opinion in gastroenterology·2026
Same journal

Goblet cell-associated antigen passages in health and disease.

Current opinion in gastroenterology·2026
Same journal

Inflammatory bowel diseases 2026: form, function and therapeutic considerations for the epithelial barrier.

Current opinion in gastroenterology·2026
Same journal

Dietary protein as a regulator of colitis and colorectal cancer.

Current opinion in gastroenterology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 16, 2025

An Open-Source Normothermic Perfusion System Designed for Research Scientists
11:23

An Open-Source Normothermic Perfusion System Designed for Research Scientists

Published on: July 18, 2025

671

Parenteral nutrition.

Alastair Forbes1

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, University College Hospital, London, UK. a.forbes@ucl.ac.uk

Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
|February 8, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent advances in intravenous nutrition (IVN) include improved understanding of patient physiology and safer lipid emulsions. Long-term IVN in cancer patients is justified, and nutrition teams are cost-effective.

More Related Videos

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
04:53

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition

Published on: September 20, 2019

11.0K
Application of End-to-end Anastomosis in Robotic Central Pancreatectomy
10:58

Application of End-to-end Anastomosis in Robotic Central Pancreatectomy

Published on: June 2, 2018

8.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 16, 2025

An Open-Source Normothermic Perfusion System Designed for Research Scientists
11:23

An Open-Source Normothermic Perfusion System Designed for Research Scientists

Published on: July 18, 2025

671
A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
04:53

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition

Published on: September 20, 2019

11.0K
Application of End-to-end Anastomosis in Robotic Central Pancreatectomy
10:58

Application of End-to-end Anastomosis in Robotic Central Pancreatectomy

Published on: June 2, 2018

8.3K

Area of Science:

  • Clinical Nutrition
  • Gastroenterology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Intravenous nutrition (IVN) is critical for patients unable to receive adequate nutrition orally.
  • Understanding the physiological changes in IVN patients is essential for optimizing care.
  • Adjunctive therapies play a significant role in managing IVN complications and efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent clinical advancements in intravenous nutrition and associated therapies.
  • To highlight progress in understanding patient physiology during IVN.
  • To assess the evolving role of IVN in specific patient populations, such as cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on intravenous nutrition and adjunctive therapies.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on physiological alterations in IVN patients.
  • Evaluation of new lipid emulsion formulations and their safety profiles.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress in understanding the altered physiology of intravenously fed patients.
  • Identification of potential benefits from gut hormone manipulation.
  • Development of safer lipid emulsions, reducing complications.
  • The role of specialized nutrition teams and the application of IVN in malignancy have been clarified.

Conclusions:

  • Glucagon-like peptide-2 and novel lipid emulsions demonstrate safety and efficacy.
  • Maintaining euglycaemia is recommended, with caution regarding vitamin C dosage.
  • Long-term IVN is justifiable for cancer patients.
  • Hospital nutrition teams are likely cost-effective, improving patient outcomes.