Giant cell tumor of bone

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Oncology
• Bone Pathology

Background:

• Giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone is a rare, typically benign neoplastic bone lesion.
• GCT predominantly affects women in their third and fourth decades, often occurring in the extremities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the treatment modalities and outcomes for giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone.
• To delineate management strategies based on tumor characteristics and extent.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive review of existing medical literature pertaining to GCT of bone.
• Analysis of treatment approaches including surgical and non-surgical interventions.

Main Results:

• Intralesional curettage is the primary surgical treatment for GCT, yielding local control rates of 80-90%.
• Extensive, recurrent, or aggressive GCTs may necessitate wide excision.
• Radiotherapy (45-50 Gy) offers 65-80% local control for unresectable or surgically inaccessible GCTs.

Conclusions:

• Intralesional curettage is effective for the majority of GCT cases.
• A subset of patients with complex GCTs requires advanced treatments like wide excision or radiotherapy for curative intent.