Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 11, 2026
Generation and Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Organoids following Drug Treatment
Published on: May 26, 2026
Comparative analysis of expression profiling of early-stage carcinogenesis using nodule-in-nodule-type hepatocellular
Suk Woo Nam1, Jong Heun Lee, Ji Heon Noh
1Department of Pathology and Microdissection Genomics Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
Background:
Nodule-in-nodule-type hepatocellular carcinoma (NIN-HCC) is a useful model to illustrate the multi-step nature of hepatocarcinogenesis. To identify large-scale molecular change in early hepatocarcinogenesis, the expression profile of NIN-HCC was compared with those from three sets of individual high-grade dysplastic nodules (HGDN) and grade 1 hepatocellular carcinomas.
Methods:
We compared expression profiles of inner grade 1 hepatocellular carcinoma nodules and peripheral HGDN in one case of NIN-HCC using spotted-oligonucleotide DNA microarray. The relevant outlier genes assumed to associate with early carcinogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma were identified by comparative analysis of NIN-HCC and individual cases of HGDN and grade 1 hepatocellular carcinoma, respectively.
Results:
From this analysis we extracted a total of 40 genes, consisting of 28 up-regulated genes and 12 downregulated genes, and more than a two-fold change in grade 1 hepatocellular carcinoma compared with HGDN.
Conclusion:
We assessed the expression profiles of pre-neoplastic lesions and grade 1 hepatocellular carcinoma using oligonucleotide microarray analysis and found high stringent outlier genes that are presumably directly involved in the transition from dysplastic nodule to the early stage of hepatocellular carcinoma by utilizing NIN-HCC.
