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Stimulus-dependent changes in the vestibular contribution to human postural control.

Massimo Cenciarini1, Robert J Peterka

  • 1Neurological Sciences Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Ave., Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.

Journal of Neurophysiology
|February 10, 2006
PubMed
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The nervous system adjusts sensory contributions for stable stance, a process called sensory reweighting. This study confirms that reduced proprioceptive input leads to increased reliance on vestibular sensory information for balance control.

Area of Science:

  • Human motor control
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Humans exhibit robust postural control across diverse environments.
  • This stability is attributed to sensory reweighting, where the nervous system modulates sensory input contributions.
  • A quantitative sensory reweighting hypothesis posits reciprocal changes in sensory system contributions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the sensory reweighting hypothesis quantitatively.
  • To assess the relative contributions of proprioceptive and graviceptive (vestibular) systems to postural control.
  • To investigate sensory reweighting during eyes-closed stance under varying conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Medial/lateral body sway was induced via side-to-side support surface (SS) rotations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Pulsed galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) was applied simultaneously.
  • Model-based analysis estimated proprioceptive weighting (Wp) from SS responses and vestibular weighting (Wp) from GVS responses.

    • Main Results:

    • Proprioceptive weighting (Wp) decreased with increasing SS amplitude.
    • GVS-evoked sway increased with increasing SS amplitude, indicating greater vestibular reliance.
    • Wp derived from GVS and SS responses were highly correlated, supporting the reweighting hypothesis.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings support the sensory reweighting hypothesis.
    • Reduced proprioceptive input is compensated by increased graviceptive (vestibular) input for postural control.
    • This study provides quantitative evidence for adaptive sensory modulation in human stance.