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Related Experiment Videos

Bladder lithiasis: from open surgery to lithotripsy.

Athanasios G Papatsoris1, Ioannis Varkarakis, Athanasios Dellis

  • 1Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece. agpapatsoris@hotmail.com

Urological Research
|February 14, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Bladder calculi, or bladder stones, are stones in the bladder. Treatment options range from endoscopic procedures to surgery, with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy offering a well-tolerated alternative for high-risk patients.

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Bladder calculi represent 5% of all urinary calculi.
  • Risk factors include bladder outlet obstruction, neurogenic voiding dysfunction, infection, foreign bodies, and specific surgeries in males and females.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current treatment modalities for bladder calculi.
  • To highlight emerging and established surgical and non-surgical interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established and novel treatments for bladder calculi.
  • Discussion of open surgery, endoscopic procedures (mechanical, ultrasound, electrohydraulic, laser), and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.
  • Mention of recent percutaneous and combined endoscopic-percutaneous approaches.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Open surgery is primary for pediatric bladder calculi.
  • Adult treatment classically involves endoscopic transurethral disintegration using various lithotripsy methods.
  • Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is effective and well-tolerated, especially in high-risk patients.
  • Novel techniques like simultaneous percutaneous and transurethral cystolithotripsy have been explored.

Conclusions:

  • Treatment selection depends on patient age, stone size, and patient risk factors.
  • Minimally invasive techniques are preferred when feasible.
  • Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy presents a viable, less invasive option for select populations.