Related Experiment Videos

Microalbuminuria prevalence study (MAPS) in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes in Thailand

Peera Buranakitjaroen1, Chaicharn Deerochanawong, Pongamorn Bunnag

  • 1Division of Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Prannok Rd, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. sipbn@mahidol.ac.th

Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet Thangphaet
|February 14, 2006
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Diabetic kidney disease is common in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes. Early screening for microalbuminuria is crucial for managing cardiovascular risks and slowing disease progression.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Microalbuminuria is the earliest sign of diabetic nephropathy.
  • It indicates increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence of macroalbuminuria and microalbuminuria.
  • Focus on hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes in Thailand.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional, clinic-based epidemiological study.
  • 97 patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension included.
  • Exclusion criteria: bacteriuria and haematuria.

Main Results:

  • High prevalence of diabetic kidney disease observed.
  • Macroalbuminuria prevalence: 13.4% (95% CI: 9.9-16.9).
  • Microalbuminuria prevalence: 43.3% (95% CI: 38.3-48.3).

Conclusions:

  • Annual microalbuminuria screening is recommended for type 2 diabetes patients.
  • Early intervention is vital for reducing cardiovascular risks.
  • Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors may slow nephropathy progression.

Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis01:25

Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis

Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated hypertension...
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
Type II Diabetes I: Introduction01:26

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations

Type 1 diabetes mellitus typically presents with rapid-onset symptoms due to the body’s inability to utilize glucose in the absence of insulin. Since insulin is required for glucose uptake into cells, its deficiency leads to hyperglycemia and cellular energy deprivation, resulting in characteristic clinical features.Polyuria and PolydipsiaOne of the earliest, most prominent symptoms is polyuria (excessive urination). When blood glucose concentrations rise above the renal threshold, the kidneys...