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Related Experiment Videos

Steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis.

Pablo Castillo1, Bryan Woodruff, Richard Caselli

  • 1Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minn 55905, USA.

Archives of Neurology
|February 16, 2006
PubMed
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Steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (SREAT) presents with varied symptoms and is often misdiagnosed. Early recognition is key for this treatable neurological condition.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (SREAT), also known as Hashimoto encephalopathy, is frequently misdiagnosed.
  • Its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the diverse clinical, laboratory, and radiologic findings in SREAT patients.
  • To improve the recognition of this treatable neurological disorder.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of clinical data from 20 patients diagnosed with SREAT between 1995 and 2003.
  • Evaluation of clinical features and ancillary test results.

Main Results:

  • Common symptoms include tremor, transient aphasia, myoclonus, gait ataxia, seizures, and sleep disturbances.

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  • Patients often received initial misdiagnoses such as viral encephalitis or Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
  • Laboratory abnormalities were inconsistent, and neuroimaging findings were often normal.

    • Conclusions:

    • SREAT exhibits a broader range of findings than previously recognized, leading to common misdiagnoses.
    • Consider SREAT even with normal thyroid hormone levels, inflammatory markers, CSF, or neuroimaging.
    • Further research into autoimmune encephalopathies is needed.