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Placental function in development and disease.

James C Cross1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada. jcross@ucalgary.ca

Reproduction, Fertility, and Development
|February 16, 2006
PubMed
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The placenta is vital for pregnancy success, mediating nutrient transport and endocrine functions. Neglecting placental pathology can obscure causes of pregnancy complications like fetal growth restriction and pre-eclampsia.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Obstetrics

Background:

  • The placenta is crucial for successful pregnancy, yet often overlooked in diagnosing complications.
  • Its primary roles include nutrient transport and endocrine regulation of maternal physiology.
  • Placental development and function are influenced by environmental factors like nutrition and oxygen levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of the placenta in pregnancy.
  • To underscore the association between placental pathology and pregnancy complications.
  • To shift focus towards placental examination in clinical and research settings.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on placental function and pathology.
  • Analysis of clinical and research data linking placental issues to adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparative studies across human and animal pregnancies.

    • Main Results:

    • Placental pathology is linked to embryonic lethality, fetal growth restriction, and pre-eclampsia.
    • It also contributes to fetal demise in assisted reproductive technologies like nuclear transfer (cloning).
    • Environmental factors dynamically regulate placental development and function.

    Conclusions:

    • Placental pathology is a significant, often underestimated, contributor to pregnancy complications.
    • Further research and clinical attention to the placenta are warranted.
    • Understanding placental function is key to improving pregnancy outcomes.