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Phytosterols mixed with medium-chain triglycerides and high-oleic canola oil decrease plasma lipids in overweight

Iwona Rudkowska1, Catherine E Roynette, Dilip K Nakhasi

  • 1School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada H9X 3V9.

Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental
|February 18, 2006
PubMed
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Phytosterols (PSs) in a functional oil blend significantly lowered LDL cholesterol in overweight, hyperlipidemic men. This dietary intervention suggests a potential reduction in cardiovascular event risk.

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Lipid Metabolism

Background:

  • Phytosterols (PSs) are increasingly incorporated into various food mediums.
  • Functional properties of matrices like medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) require examination for synergistic benefits.
  • Overweight and hyperlipidemic individuals represent a key demographic for cardiovascular risk reduction strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the combined biological actions of a functional oil enriched with phytosterols (PSs) within a matrix of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) and high-oleic canola (HOC) oil.
  • To compare the effects of this functional oil against a control (olive oil) in overweight, hyperlipidemic men.
  • To assess the impact on lipid profiles and body weight through a controlled dietary intervention.

Main Methods:

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  • A randomized, crossover trial involving 23 overweight, hyperlipidemic men.
  • Participants consumed both functional oil and olive oil for 6-week periods each.
  • Fasted plasma samples were collected, and body weight was monitored throughout the study.

Main Results:

  • Both oil treatments led to significant decreases in body weight.
  • The functional oil group showed significantly greater reductions in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) compared to the olive oil group.
  • High-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels remained unchanged, while triacylglycerol levels decreased similarly in both groups.

Conclusions:

  • Phytosterols (PSs) incorporated into an MCT- and HOC-rich matrix effectively lower plasma LDL-C in overweight, hyperlipidemic men.
  • This formulation does not significantly alter high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations.
  • The findings suggest a potential role for this functional oil in reducing the risk of cardiovascular events.