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Related Experiment Videos

Rabies postexposure prophylaxis, New York, 1995-2000.

Jesse D Blanton1, Nadine Y Bowden, Millicent Eidson

  • 1Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. asi5@cdc.gov

Emerging Infectious Diseases
|February 21, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Human rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) is most common in rural areas and summer months. Bats have become the leading source of rabies exposure, surpassing raccoons in upstate New York.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Infectious Disease Surveillance

Background:

  • Rabies remains a significant public health concern globally.
  • Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) is crucial for preventing rabies after potential exposure.
  • Understanding local epidemiology informs targeted prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the epidemiology of human rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) in four upstate New York counties.
  • To identify trends and risk factors associated with PEP administration.
  • To assess changes in animal rabies exposure sources.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 2,216 PEP incidences recorded by local health departments.
  • Data collected from 1995 to 2000.

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  • Calculation of annual incidence rates and demographic/exposure-specific analyses.

    • Main Results:

    • Overall annual PEP incidence was 27 cases per 100,000 persons.
    • Higher PEP incidence rates observed in rural counties and during summer months.
    • Bats emerged as the leading source of rabies exposure (30%), replacing raccoons.

    Conclusions:

    • Rabies exposure patterns in upstate New York show distinct geographic and seasonal variations.
    • Bats represent a growing and significant risk for human rabies exposure.
    • Public health efforts should adapt to the changing epidemiology of rabies sources.