1993 2003 gender differences in coronary artery revascularization: has anything changed?
Michelle L Edwards1, Nancy M Albert, Chaohui Wang
1Clinical Investigations Unit, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing
|February 21, 2006
Summary
Gender differences persist in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery patients, impacting hospital stay and recovery. While mortality rates are unaffected, targeted research on modifiable factors may improve outcomes for women undergoing CABG.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Surgery
- Health Outcomes Research
- Surgical Patient Demographics
Background:
- Significant gender disparities exist in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
- Previous research on these differences is largely outdated, from the early 1990s.
- The persistence of gender differences in contemporary CABG surgery remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate current gender differences in CABG surgery.
- To examine preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors influencing outcomes.
- To assess if gender disparities have changed over time in CABG patients.
Main Methods:
- A descriptive, correlational study analyzed data from 1993 and 2003.
- Data were collected prospectively for primary, isolated CABG procedures at a large urban healthcare center.
- The study examined gender and time effects, including interactions, on patient outcomes.
Main Results:
- Women comprised one-fourth of the 2,200 studied patients.
- Female patients were older and had higher rates of smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and heart failure.
- Women experienced greater cardiac pump failure and longer hospital stays, though both decreased over time.
Conclusions:
- Gender differences remain evident in contemporary CABG surgery patients.
- These disparities do not influence in-hospital mortality but affect hospital length of stay and potentially post-discharge recovery.
- Future research should focus on modifiable preoperative factors to enhance postoperative recovery for female CABG patients.
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