Three-dimensional shear in granular flow
Xiang Cheng1, Jeremy B Lechman, Antonio Fernandez-Barbero
1The James Franck Institute and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
Abstract:
The evolution of granular shear flow is investigated as a function of height in a split-bottom Couette cell. Using particle tracking, magnetic-resonance imaging, and large-scale simulations, we find a transition in the nature of the shear as a characteristic height H* is exceeded. Below H* there is a central stationary core; above H* we observe the onset of additional axial shear associated with torsional failure. Radial and axial shear profiles are qualitatively different: the radial extent is wide and increases with height, while the axial width remains narrow and fixed.
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