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Related Experiment Videos

Wetting phenomena at the CO2/water/glass interface.

Jasper L Dickson1, Gaurav Gupta, Tommy S Horozov

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|February 24, 2006
PubMed
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This study developed a new method to measure contact angles under high carbon dioxide (CO2) pressure, revealing significant changes in wetting behavior on glass surfaces. The findings explain CO2

Area of Science:

  • Surface Science
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Understanding interfacial phenomena is crucial for processes involving fluid-solid interactions.
  • Carbon dioxide (CO2) is increasingly used in supercritical states for various applications, including surface treatment and extraction.
  • The influence of high CO2 pressure on contact angles and interfacial tensions of common substrates like glass is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and utilize a novel high-pressure apparatus for in situ measurement of CO2/water/solid contact angles up to 204 bar.
  • To investigate the effect of increasing CO2 pressure on contact angles and interfacial tensions for glass substrates with varying hydrophilicity.
  • To elucidate the role of CO2 interactions, including specific short-range forces, in modifying surface wettability and hysteresis.

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Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel high-pressure apparatus enabling in situ contact angle measurements.
  • Systematic variation of CO2 pressure (up to 204 bar) and substrate hydrophilicity.
  • Application of an interfacial model incorporating long-range forces to analyze experimental data.

Main Results:

  • Contact angles significantly increased with CO2 pressure for both hydrophobic and hydrophilic glass substrates.
  • CO2 pressure decreased substrate/CO2 and water/CO2 interfacial tensions, while increasing water/substrate interfacial tension.
  • A novel contact angle hysteresis was observed, with higher angles during depressurization, attributed to CO2 capping of silanol groups on hydrophilic surfaces.

Conclusions:

  • High CO2 pressure dramatically alters interfacial properties and wetting behavior of glass surfaces.
  • Specific short-range interactions between CO2 and hydrophilic surfaces lead to deviations from predictions based solely on long-range forces.
  • The observed interfacial effects explain the enhanced drying capability of CO2 on silica surfaces compared to organic solvents.