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Distribution and determinants of intraocular pressure in a normal pediatric population

Ramanjit Sihota1, Deven Tuli, Tanuj Dada

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. R.P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
|February 24, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Intraocular pressure (IOP) in children is lower than in adults and increases with age. Pediatric IOP correlates with refraction, corneal thickness, and axial length, approaching adult levels by age 12.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Ophthalmology
  • Optometry

Background:

  • Intraocular pressure (IOP) is a critical factor in ocular health.
  • Establishing normative IOP data in pediatric populations is essential for early detection of eye conditions.
  • Previous studies on pediatric IOP often involved sedation, limiting direct comparisons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the normal range of intraocular pressure (IOP) in a pediatric population.
  • To investigate the correlation between IOP and other ocular parameters in children without sedation.
  • To understand how pediatric IOP changes with age.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 405 children (810 eyes) aged 0-12 years.
  • Intraocular pressure (IOP) measured using the Perkins applanation tonometer under topical anesthesia.
  • Cooperative participants also underwent pachymetry, refraction, and biometry.

Main Results:

  • Mean IOP was 12.02 +/- 3.74 mm Hg, increasing with age (r = 0.49).
  • Pediatric IOP correlated positively with refraction (r = 0.69) and pachymetry (r = 0.39).
  • A negative correlation was found between IOP and axial length (r = -0.1).

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric intraocular pressure (IOP) is lower than adult levels and rises with age.
  • IOP in children is influenced by refractive error, corneal thickness, and axial length.
  • These findings provide normative data for pediatric IOP and its determinants.
Abstract

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