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Related Experiment Videos

Schwann cell GFAP expression increases in axonal neuropathies.

G L Mancardi1, A Cadoni, M Tabaton

  • 1Institute of Clinical Neurology, University of Genova, Italy.

Journal of the Neurological Sciences
|April 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Schwann cells (SC) in normal nerves show minimal GFAP. Axonal neuropathies significantly increase SC GFAP expression, unlike demyelinating conditions, indicating a marker for axonal damage in peripheral nerves.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Schwann cells (SC) are crucial for peripheral nerve function and myelination.
  • Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is an intermediate filament protein typically found in astrocytes, but its presence in SCs is context-dependent.
  • Understanding SC GFAP expression can provide insights into peripheral nerve pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate Schwann cell (SC) GFAP immunoreactivity in normal human peripheral nerves.
  • To analyze SC GFAP expression patterns in various neuropathies.
  • To correlate SC GFAP positivity with specific neuropathologic findings.

Main Methods:

  • Immunofluorescence and immunocytochemistry on 58 peripheral nerve biopsies.
  • Use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against vimentin and GFAP, and antisera against S-100 and GFAP.

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  • Specificity testing via competition controls, fibroblast cultures, and immunoblotting.
  • Quantitative analysis of SC GFAP reactivity and correlation with nerve pathology index and fiber degeneration/demyelination.

    • Main Results:

    • Normal human sural nerves and demyelinating neuropathies exhibit only scattered SCs positive for GFAP.
    • Axonal neuropathies show a majority of SCs expressing intermediate filaments with GFAP-like antigenic properties.
    • A clear distinction in SC GFAP expression was observed between demyelinating and axonal neuropathies.

    Conclusions:

    • SC GFAP expression is significantly upregulated in axonal neuropathies.
    • GFAP immunoreactivity in SCs may serve as a biomarker for axonal damage in peripheral nerve disorders.
    • The study highlights differential GFAP expression in SCs based on neuropathology type.