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Nucleotide sequence analysis of Aleutian mink disease parvovirus shows that multiple virus types are present in
E Gottschalck1, S Alexandersen, A Cohn
1Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Abstract:
Different isolates of Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (ADV) were cloned and nucleotide sequenced. Analysis of individual clones from two in vivo-derived isolates of high virulence indicated that more than one type of ADV DNA were present in each of these isolates. Analysis of several clones from two preparations of a cell culture-adapted isolate of low virulence showed the presence of only one type of ADV DNA. We also describe the nucleotide sequence from map units 44 to 88 of a new type of ADV DNA. The new type of ADV DNA is compared with the previously published ADV sequences, to which it shows 95% homology. These findings indicate that ADV, a single-stranded DNA virus, has a considerable degree of variability and that several virus types can be present simultaneously in an infected animal.
Insights
Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (ADV) exhibits significant genetic variability. High-virulence ADV isolates contain multiple virus types, while low-virulence strains show only one, indicating complex viral dynamics in infected animals.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (ADV) is a significant pathogen in mink populations.
- Understanding the genetic diversity of ADV is crucial for disease control and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the genetic variability within different Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (ADV) isolates.
- To determine if multiple ADV types can coexist within a single infected animal.
Main Methods:
- Cloning and nucleotide sequencing of ADV isolates from both in vivo and cell culture sources.
- Comparative analysis of nucleotide sequences to identify genetic variations and homology.
Main Results:
- High-virulence ADV isolates derived in vivo contained multiple distinct ADV DNA types.
- A cell culture-adapted low-virulence ADV isolate showed the presence of only a single ADV DNA type.
- A novel ADV DNA sequence was identified with 95% homology to previously published ADV sequences.
Conclusions:
- ADV demonstrates considerable genetic variability, challenging the notion of a single viral entity per isolate.
- The simultaneous presence of multiple ADV types in infected animals suggests complex viral evolution and adaptation.
- These findings have implications for understanding ADV pathogenesis and developing effective interventions.