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Selective magnetization transfer ratio decrease in the visual cortex following optic neuritis.

Bertrand Audoin1, Kryshani T M Fernando, Josephine K Swanton

  • 1NMR Research Unit, Department of Neuroinflammation, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.

Brain : a Journal of Neurology
|February 24, 2006
PubMed
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Grey matter abnormalities in the visual cortex are linked to optic neuritis, an early sign of multiple sclerosis. This suggests structural brain changes occur even in clinically isolated syndromes.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Multiple Sclerosis Research

Background:

  • Grey matter abnormalities are detected in multiple sclerosis patients using magnetization transfer ratio (MTR).
  • Trans-synaptic abnormality secondary to demyelinating lesions is a potential cause for decreased grey matter MTR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between demyelinating lesions and grey matter MTR abnormalities.
  • To identify the location of grey matter MTR abnormalities in patients with optic neuritis.

Main Methods:

  • Voxel-based analysis of grey matter MTR maps.
  • Studied 80 patients with isolated optic neuritis within 6 months of presentation.
  • Compared findings with 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Patients with optic neuritis showed decreased MTR bilaterally in the visual cortex (Brodmann area 17).
  • Multiple sclerosis patients (McDonald criteria) exhibited reduced MTR in the visual cortex, hippocampus, superior temporal gyrus, lenticular nuclei, and cerebellum.
  • No significant grey matter volume difference was found in the visual cortex between patients and controls.

Conclusions:

  • Intrinsic MTR decrease in the visual cortex suggests structural changes post-optic neuritis.
  • Potential mechanisms include trans-synaptic neuronal degeneration and cortical synaptic morphological changes.
  • These abnormalities may contribute to grey matter MTR changes in multiple sclerosis.