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Related Experiment Videos

Granulation in high-load denitrifying upflow sludge bed (USB) pulsed reactors.

A Franco1, E Roca, J M Lema

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

Water Research
|February 25, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Applying a pulse system to anoxic upflow sludge bed (USB) denitrifying reactors significantly enhances sludge granulation. Pulsed flow prevents biomass washout and improves nitrogen removal efficiency, even at high loading rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Anoxic upflow sludge bed (USB) reactors are crucial for denitrification.
  • Sludge granulation is key to efficient reactor performance.
  • High organic and nitrogen loading rates pose challenges to reactor stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of pulsed flow on sludge granulation in USB denitrifying reactors.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of pulsed flow in enhancing denitrification efficiency and biomass stability under high loading conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Three 0.8 L reactors were used: two with pulsed flow (P1 with effluent recycling, P2 without) and one without pulsation (NP).
  • Reactors were fed with NaNO3 and glucose, inoculated with methanogenic granular sludge.
  • Organic loading rate (OLR) and nitrogen loading rate (NLR) were progressively increased.

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Main Results:

  • Pulsed flow reactors (P1, P2) exhibited superior sludge granulation and stability compared to the NP reactor.
  • The NP reactor experienced biomass flotation and washout, with significant ammonia and nitrite accumulation.
  • Pulsed flow reactors maintained high denitrification efficiency (near 100% in P2) and developed dense, small-sized granular biomass.

Conclusions:

  • Pulsed flow application in USB denitrifying reactors effectively promotes sludge granulation and enhances operational stability.
  • Pulsed flow mitigates operational issues like biomass flotation and washout at high loading rates.
  • The shear stress from pulsed flow contributes to the development of dense, granular biomass essential for efficient nitrogen removal.