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Updated: Aug 11, 2026

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
Published on: January 17, 2025
Two-three-year stability and interrelations of bulimotypic indicators and depressive and anxious symptoms in
Cicely A Procopio1, Jill M Holm-Denoma, Kathryn H Gordon
1Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1270, USA.
Objective:
There is a paucity of research examining eating disorder symptoms among middle-aged women.
Method:
This prospective study assessed the stability of bulimic symptoms and 5 associated variables (perfectionism, depressive symptoms, self-esteem, anxiety symptoms, and perceived weight status) in a sample of 150 middle-aged women (mean age = 45.19 years) over a 2.5-year time period. In addition, interrelations among bulimic, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were assessed.
Results:
Results suggested that all 6 bulimia-related variables remained significantly stable over 2.5 years. In addition, notable relations between Time 1 and Time 2 variables emerged (e.g., anxious symptoms at Time 1 predicted bulimic symptoms at Time 2).
Conclusion:
Thus, the results indicate that bulimic symptoms exist in middle-aged women, and that they remain relatively stable over a 2.5-year time period. Clinical implications for middle-aged women with eating disorder symptoms are discussed.
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