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Immunogenicity of tetravalent rhesus rotavirus vaccine administered with buffer and oral polio vaccine

D J Ing1, R I Glass, P A Woods

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.

American Journal of Diseases of Children (1960)
|August 1, 1991
PubMed

Insights

Adding an antacid buffer significantly improved the immune response to the rhesus rotavirus vaccine (RRV-TV) in infants. The vaccine did not interfere with the oral polio vaccine response.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe diarrheal disease in infants globally.
  • The tetravalent rhesus rotavirus vaccine (RRV-TV) was investigated for its efficacy and safety.
  • Understanding optimal vaccine administration is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the immunogenicity of RRV-TV with different antacid buffer regimens.
  • To assess potential interference between RRV-TV and oral polio vaccine (OPV).

Main Methods:

  • A randomized clinical trial involving 174 infants aged 6 to 16 weeks.
  • Comparison of RRV-TV immunogenicity with no buffer, small-volume (2.5-mL) buffer, and large-volume (30-mL) buffer.
  • Evaluation of antibody titers for rotavirus and poliovirus serotypes.

Main Results:

  • RRV-TV immunogenicity, measured by a fourfold antibody titer rise, was significantly higher with both small- (45%) and large-volume (49%) antacid buffers compared to no buffer (23%).
  • Co-administration of RRV-TV with OPV did not significantly impede the immune response to poliovirus serotypes 1, 2, or 3.
  • Fourfold antibody titer rises for poliovirus serotypes 1, 2, and 3 were 29%, 87%, and 24%, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • Antacid buffering enhances the immunogenicity of the tetravalent rhesus rotavirus vaccine in infants.
  • RRV-TV can be safely administered with oral polio vaccine without compromising OPV immune responses.

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