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[The branched-chain amino acids].

C Chiarla1, I Giovannini, G Boldrini

  • 1Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore-Roma.

Minerva Gastroenterologica E Dietologica
|February 28, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) offer pharmacologic benefits beyond protein building. In critical conditions like sepsis, BCAA administration helps normalize amino acid levels and improve metabolic abnormalities.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Metabolic Medicine
  • Nutritional Science

Context:

  • Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), comprising leucine, isoleucine, and valine, possess significant "pharmacologic" properties.
  • These amino acids are primarily catabolized in muscle, contributing to energy production and nitrogen donation.
  • Their roles extend to regulating protein synthesis/degradation and modulating neuroactive mediator metabolism.

Purpose:

  • To elucidate the pharmacologic properties and clinical utility of BCAA in critical conditions.
  • To detail the specific changes in plasma aminoacidograms following high-dose BCAA administration in sepsis.
  • To identify objective indicators of metabolic improvement in sepsis due to BCAA intervention.

Summary:

  • BCAA administration in sepsis influences plasma aminoacidograms, normalizing elevated proline and other amino acids.

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  • It also affects levels of taurine, glutamate, and aspartate, indicating complex metabolic interactions.
  • These observed changes validate known BCAA properties and serve as markers for sepsis-related metabolic improvements.

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the clinical suitability of BCAA in critical states like liver cirrhosis, sepsis, trauma, and cancer.
    • Supports the use of BCAA-enriched parenteral nutrition (35-50% concentration) in sepsis and other stress conditions.
    • Provides objective metabolic indicators for assessing BCAA efficacy in critical care settings.