Behavioural problems and autism in children with hydrocephalus : a population-based study.

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Neurology
• Developmental Psychology
• Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

• Hydrocephalus is a complex neurological condition affecting children.
• Associated neurodevelopmental challenges, including behavioral problems and autism, require further investigation.
• Understanding risk factors is crucial for early intervention and support.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the prevalence of behavioral problems and autism in children with hydrocephalus.
• To examine if learning disabilities, cerebral palsy (CP), epilepsy, myelomeningocele (MMC), or preterm birth are associated risk factors.

Main Methods:

• A population-based cohort of 107 children born with hydrocephalus in western Sweden (1989-1993) was studied.
• Behavioral problems were assessed using Conners' parent and teacher rating scales.
• Autism was evaluated using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale.

Main Results:

• A high prevalence of behavioral problems was reported, with 67% of children rated by parents and 39% by teachers.
• Learning disabilities significantly increased the risk of behavioral problems.
• Autism was diagnosed in 13% of children, with higher rates in those with learning disabilities (27%) or CP/epilepsy (33%).

Conclusions:

• The majority of children with hydrocephalus exhibit behavioral problems, and a significant proportion have autism.
• Associated conditions like learning disabilities, CP, and epilepsy are linked to increased behavioral and autism risks.
• Comprehensive cognitive and behavioral assessments are vital for minimizing disability and enhancing participation in children with hydrocephalus.