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Infectious mononucleosis and risk for multiple sclerosis: a meta-analysis

Evan L Thacker1, Fariba Mirzaei, Alberto Ascherio

  • 1Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ethacker@hsph.harvard.edu

Annals of Neurology
|February 28, 2006
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Infectious mononucleosis (IM), caused by Epstein-Barr virus, significantly increases the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS). This finding highlights a crucial link between viral infections and autoimmune diseases like MS.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is a common manifestation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection.
  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease with complex etiology.
  • The potential link between IM and MS risk has been investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze studies examining the association between IM and MS risk.
  • To quantify the risk of MS following an IM diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies.
  • Inclusion of 14 relevant studies.

Main Results:

  • A combined relative risk of 2.3 for MS after IM was identified (95% CI, 1.7-3.0).
  • Statistical significance was high (p < 10(-8)).
  • Heterogeneity from study design, MS definition, and latitude had minimal impact on results.

Conclusions:

  • Epstein-Barr virus infection, presenting as IM in adolescents and young adults, is a confirmed risk factor for MS.
  • This association underscores the importance of EBV in MS pathogenesis.
  • Further research into preventative strategies and mechanisms is warranted.

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