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Systemic microvascular dysfunction and inflammation after pulmonary particulate matter exposure.

Timothy R Nurkiewicz1, Dale W Porter, Mark Barger

  • 1Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-9229, USA. tnurkiewicz@hsc.wvu.edu

Environmental Health Perspectives
|March 2, 2006
PubMed
Summary

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Pulmonary exposure to particulate matter (PM) impairs systemic microvascular function by increasing leukocyte adhesion and oxidative stress. These inflammatory events in the microcirculation contribute to cardiovascular dysfunction following PM exposure.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Epidemiologic studies link pulmonary exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) with cardiovascular dysfunction.
  • Systemic mechanisms underlying PM-induced cardiovascular effects remain unclear.
  • Previous research demonstrated PM impairs endothelium-dependent arteriolar dilation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To further characterize PM's effect on systemic microvascular function.
  • To identify local inflammatory events contributing to PM-induced cardiovascular effects.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were intratracheally instilled with residual oil fly ash (ROFA) or titanium dioxide (TiO2).
  • Systemic microvascular responses were measured using in vivo microscopy of the spinotrapezius muscle.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Leukocyte rolling/adhesion, pulmonary inflammation, myeloperoxidase (MPO) presence, and oxidative stress were assessed.

    • Main Results:

    • PM exposure impaired endothelium-dependent arteriolar dilation but not constriction.
    • PM exposure increased leukocyte (polymorphonuclear leukocytes) rolling and adhesion in venules.
    • MPO deposition and oxidative stress were observed in the systemic microvascular wall.

    Conclusions:

    • PM exposure leads to impaired systemic microvascular function.
    • Leukocyte adhesion, MPO deposition, and oxidative stress in the microcirculation are associated with PM-induced cardiovascular effects.
    • These microvascular events may disrupt peripheral resistance control and contribute to cardiac dysfunction.