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An outbreak of human anthrax in Mysore (India)

R L Ichhpujani1, V Rajagopal, D Bhattacharya

  • 1National Institute of Communicable Diseases, Delhi.

The Journal of Communicable Diseases
|March 3, 2006
PubMed

Insights

A rare outbreak of intestinal anthrax, caused by Bacillus anthracis, resulted in four deaths within 72 hours after consuming diseased deer meat. This highlights the critical need for animal surveillance and intersectoral coordination to control anthrax.

Area of Science:

  • Zoonotic diseases
  • Infectious disease epidemiology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Anthrax, a zoonotic disease caused by Bacillus anthracis, is rare, particularly the intestinal form, which often has a fatal outcome.
  • A unique and fatal outbreak of intestinal anthrax occurred in a small hamlet in Mysore, Karnataka.
  • Four individuals died within 48-72 hours after consuming meat from a diseased deer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report and analyze a unique outbreak of intestinal anthrax.
  • To emphasize the diagnostic confirmation methods for Bacillus anthracis.
  • To highlight the importance of surveillance and intersectoral coordination in disease control.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis was confirmed by bacteriological culture isolation.
  • Biochemical tests were performed for identification.
  • Animal pathogenicity tests and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) were utilized for confirmation.

Main Results:

  • Four cases of intestinal anthrax were confirmed.
  • The outbreak was linked to the consumption of diseased deer meat.
  • Rapid fatality occurred within 48-72 hours in the affected individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Intestinal anthrax, though rare, has a high fatality rate.
  • Effective control requires robust surveillance of anthrax in animals in endemic areas.
  • Intersectoral collaboration between health, animal husbandry, agriculture, and forest departments is essential for anthrax prevention and control.

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