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Related Experiment Videos

Urea poisoning in suckler cows.

G L Caldow1, E B Wain

  • 1Scottish Agricultural College Veterinary Services, Veterinary Investigation Centre, Greycrook, St Boswells.

The Veterinary Record
|May 25, 1991
PubMed
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Accidental urea intoxication from contaminated drinking water caused rapid death in 17 of 29 cows. Rumen ammonia nitrogen levels were significantly elevated in affected animals, indicating severe poisoning.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Toxicology
  • Animal Health
  • Ruminant Nutrition

Background:

  • Accidental urea intoxication is a significant risk in livestock management.
  • Contaminated water sources can lead to acute poisoning events in cattle.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document the clinical signs and post-mortem findings of urea intoxication in suckler cows.
  • To investigate the concentrations of urea and ammonia nitrogen in fatal cases of intoxication.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study of a herd experiencing accidental urea intoxication.
  • Analysis of drinking water for urea concentration.
  • Measurement of ammonia nitrogen in rumen fluid of deceased animals.

Main Results:

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  • 17 out of 29 suckler cows died within six hours of urea exposure.
  • Urea concentration in drinking water was 86 mmol/litre.
  • Post-mortem rumen fluid showed high ammonia nitrogen levels (1825 and 957 mg/litre).

Conclusions:

  • Accidental urea contamination of drinking water poses a severe and rapid threat to cattle health.
  • High concentrations of urea in water can lead to fatal ammonia toxicity in ruminants.
  • Prompt identification of the source and supportive care are crucial in managing such poisoning incidents.