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Developments towards an artificial kidney.

William H Fissell1

  • 1University of Michigan, Department of Medicine, 1570D MSRBII, 1150 West Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. wfissell@umich.edu

Expert Review of Medical Devices
|March 7, 2006
PubMed
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This review covers advancements in renal failure treatment, highlighting a novel hybrid bioartificial kidney in clinical trials. Emerging microfluidic and nanotechnology applications in dialysis promise revolutionary changes for end-stage renal disease care.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • The industrialized world faces significant challenges in managing renal failure.
  • Current treatments for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have seen incremental improvements over the past decade.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state of renal failure treatment.
  • To highlight novel and experimental therapies, particularly the hybrid bioartificial kidney.
  • To discuss emerging technologies in dialysis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical data and human trial results for the bioartificial kidney.
  • Discussion of research in microfluidics and nanotechnology applied to dialysis.
  • Analysis of miniaturization efforts for implantable bioartificial kidneys.

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Main Results:

  • A hybrid bioartificial kidney is undergoing clinical trials in the USA.
  • Preclinical and human trial data for the bioartificial kidney are presented.
  • Promising microfluidic and nanotechnology-based dialysis approaches are discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Revolutionary technologies for renal failure treatment are nearing the market.
  • The hybrid bioartificial kidney represents a significant advancement.
  • Innovations in microfluidics and nanotechnology are poised to transform dialysis care.