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Anemia and chronic kidney disease are associated with poor outcomes in heart failure patients

Jean-Christophe Luthi1, W Dana Flanders, Michel Burnier

  • 1Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland. jean-christophe.luthi@chuv.ch

BMC Nephrology
|March 7, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and anemia are common in heart failure (HF) patients. Both conditions independently increase the risk of in-hospital death and early readmission in HF patients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased risk of heart failure (HF).
  • Anemia, a frequent complication of CKD, is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for HF.
  • The interplay between CKD, anemia, and adverse outcomes in HF patients requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between CKD, anemia, and in-hospital mortality among patients with HF.
  • To examine the relationship between CKD, anemia, and early readmission (30-day) in HF patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study conducted in two Swiss university hospitals.
  • Inclusion criteria: patients with ICD-10 HF codes in 1999.
  • CKD definition: serum creatinine levels exceeding specific thresholds for men and women; outcomes: in-hospital mortality and 30-day readmissions.

Main Results:

  • 23.0% of 955 hospitalized HF patients had CKD.
  • In-hospital mortality was significantly higher in patients with CKD (20%) compared to those without (6.1%).
  • Both CKD and anemia (hemoglobin levels) were independently associated with increased in-hospital mortality, and anemia with early readmission.

Conclusions:

  • CKD and anemia are prevalent in older patients hospitalized with HF.
  • These conditions are significant independent predictors of adverse outcomes, including mortality and readmission.
  • Findings highlight the importance of screening for and managing CKD and anemia in HF patients.
Abstract

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