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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers01:24

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...
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Peripheral Nervous System: Ganglia and Nerves

The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is a crucial component of the body's neural network, extending beyond the central nervous system (CNS) to bridge the gap between the CNS and the external environment. It encompasses nerves, ganglia, and sensory receptors.
Nerves
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Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management01:26

Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management

The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses, temperature changes,...
Diabetic Neuropathy01:22

Diabetic Neuropathy

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In Vivo Electrophysiological Measurement of the Rat Ulnar Nerve with Axonal Excitability Testing
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[Peripheral neuropathies: the rational diagnostic process].

T Stojkovic1

  • 1Clinique Neurologique, Service du Professeur Vermersch, Hôpital Roger-Salengro, CHRU de Lille, 59037 Lille cedex, France. t-stojkovic@chru-lille.fr

La Revue De Medecine Interne
|March 7, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Peripheral neuropathies involve nerve dysfunction, with recent advances improving diagnosis and management. However, a significant percentage of polyneuropathy cases remain undiagnosed, highlighting the need for further research.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Peripheral neuropathies are defined as peripheral nerve dysfunctions, presenting with motor, sensory, and autonomic symptoms.
  • Distinguishing between different types of neuropathy, such as polyneuropathy and mononeuropathy, is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
  • Electrophysiological methods aid in identifying the underlying pathological process, including axonopathy, myelinopathy, or neuronopathy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in the diagnosis and management of peripheral neuropathies.
  • To emphasize the importance of clinical evaluation, electrodiagnostic studies, and laboratory tests in diagnosing neuropathy.
  • To acknowledge the persistent challenge of undiagnosed polyneuropathy cases.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical history and physical examination as initial diagnostic steps.
  • Electrodiagnostic studies to assess nerve function.
  • Laboratory tests to identify potential causes of neuropathy.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress in peripheral neuropathy management and diagnostics over the past decade.
  • A structured diagnostic approach involving history, physical exam, electrodiagnostics, and lab tests.
  • Despite advancements, 25-40% of polyneuropathy patients remain undiagnosed.

Conclusions:

  • Ongoing research focuses on understanding the pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms of peripheral nerve diseases.
  • The goal is to develop specific and adequate treatments tailored to individual neuropathy cases.
  • Further investigation is needed to improve diagnostic rates and therapeutic strategies for neuropathies.