Generating the evidence base for the National Service Framework for Long Term Conditions: a new research typology

The UK National Service Framework (NSF) for Long Term Conditions was published in May 2005. This article describes the challenges and some proffered solutions towards development of the evidence base to support best practice in the management of life-long neurological conditions, which are the principal focus of the NSF. The inherent limits in current systems for appraisal of evidence and their lack of applicability to these conditions are discussed. A new typology of evidence is proposed, which acknowledges the importance of expert opinion from users, carers and professionals as well as encompassing a broad range of research designs. To apply the typology, a brief evaluation tool is presented, which provides simple assessment of both qualitative and quantitative research evidence in terms of design, quality and applicability, and is practical for use by clinicians. Preliminary testing and application in development of the evidence base for the NSF are described.