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Cost-effective Method for Microbial Source Tracking Using Specific Human and Animal Viruses
Published on: December 3, 2011
Electron microscopic reporting of gastrointestinal viruses in the United Kingdom, 1985-1987
S S Monroe1, R I Glass, N Noah
1Viral Gastroenteritis Unit, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
Abstract:
We examined some epidemiological features of the viruses associated with gastrointestinal illness, using national data reported by electron microscopists in the United Kingdom. During the 3 years analyzed (1985-1987), a total of 1,993 positive detections of astroviruses, caliciviruses, coronaviruses, and small round structured viruses (SRSVs) were reported. In 1 year of this period, 8,210 rotaviruses were reported. More than 90% of the astroviruses and caliciviruses were detected in children under 5 years of age, while coronaviruses and SRSVs were detected in adults as well as children. Detections of astroviruses increased in the winter and were infrequent during the summer, a seasonal pattern similar to that observed for rotaviruses. There was some variability between reporting regions in rates of detection of fecal viruses. We have attempted to identify the reasons for this. We make suggestions for improving the detection of human fecal viruses, and we recognize the need for continued surveillance of these agents.
Insights
Gastrointestinal viruses like astroviruses and caliciviruses predominantly affect young children, with seasonal patterns observed. Continued surveillance of human fecal viruses is crucial for public health.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Gastrointestinal illnesses are frequently caused by various viruses.
- Understanding the epidemiology of these viral agents is essential for control and prevention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the epidemiological features of viruses causing gastrointestinal illness in the UK.
- To analyze the distribution and seasonality of astroviruses, caliciviruses, coronaviruses, and small round structured viruses (SRSVs).
Main Methods:
- Utilized national data reported by electron microscopists in the United Kingdom from 1985-1987.
- Analyzed 1,993 positive detections of astroviruses, caliciviruses, coronaviruses, and SRSVs.
- Compared with 8,210 rotavirus detections in one year of the study period.
Main Results:
- Astroviruses and caliciviruses were primarily detected in children under 5 years old (>90%).
- Coronaviruses and SRSVs were found in both children and adults.
- Astrovirus detections showed a winter seasonality, similar to rotaviruses.
Conclusions:
- Age and seasonality are significant factors in the epidemiology of certain gastrointestinal viruses.
- Variability in detection rates across regions suggests potential reporting or environmental influences.
- Improved detection methods and ongoing surveillance are recommended for human fecal viruses.
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