Generation of CD133+ cells from CD133- peripheral blood mononuclear cells and their properties

CD133 may be the most specific marker of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which are thought to be largely confined to the bone marrow milieu. This study reports on the phenotypic characterization and functional analysis of human CD133+ cells and their generation from cells in the peripheral circulation.

Adult human CD133+ and CD133- cells were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and the generation of CD133+ cells in culture was attempted using different culture combinations. The phenotypic, migratory, adhesive, and angiogenic properties of the native and generated populations were investigated.

In adherent and in suspension culture systems, CD133+ cells also expressing CD34 and VEGFR-2 were successfully derived from a previously CD133- population. The migratory potential of CD133+ cells was enhanced by the presence of the CD133- cells. Also, the CD133+ cells derived from the CD133- cells demonstrated improved adhesion to extracellular matrix and endothelial monolayer substrates, and their contribution to in vitro angiogenesis was enhanced compared to freshly isolated CD133+ cells.

These results demonstrate a source of blood CD133+ cells other than direct mobilization from the bone marrow. Cellular interaction was observed between fractions, with CD133+ cells showing better in vitro function in the presence of CD133- cells. These findings provide a novel source for CD133+ cells and a rationale for the investigation of angiogenic cell recruitment or delivery strategies involving more than one cell type at ischemic sites.