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High-sensitivity C-reactive protein is only weakly related to cardiovascular damage after adjustment for traditional
Michael H Olsen1, Marina K Christensen, Tine W Hansen
1Research Center for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University, Denmark. mho@dadlnet.dk
Insights
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) showed associations with subclinical cardiovascular damage, particularly pulse wave velocity and atherosclerotic plaques. However, these links weakened when accounting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Inflammation Research
- Preventive Medicine
Background:
- The prognostic significance of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in cardiovascular disease is debated.
- Investigating hsCRP's independent association with subclinical cardiovascular damage is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if hsCRP is linked to subclinical cardiovascular damage independently of established cardiovascular risk factors.
- To explore the relationship between hsCRP and various markers of subclinical cardiovascular damage.
Main Methods:
- A population-based study of 2028 healthy adults aged 41-71 years.
- Measurement of serum hsCRP, traditional cardiovascular risk factors, and subclinical cardiovascular damage markers (e.g., pulse wave velocity, atherosclerotic plaques).
Main Results:
- Higher hsCRP levels correlated with increased pulse wave velocity and atherosclerotic plaques after adjusting for age and gender.
- These associations were attenuated when traditional cardiovascular risk factors (smoking, BMI, lipids, etc.) were included in the analysis.
Conclusions:
- hsCRP's independent association with macrovascular damage is limited after accounting for traditional risk factors.
- hsCRP may serve as an integrated marker reflecting the cumulative impact of cardiovascular risk factors in early atherosclerosis.
Background:
The independent prognostic value of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) has been questioned, and consequently we decided to investigate whether hsCRP was associated with subclinical cardiovascular (CV) damage independently of traditional CV risk factors.
Methods:
In a population-based sample of 2028 apparently healthy individuals without prior stroke or myocardial infarction not receiving any CV, anti-diabetic or lipid-lowering treatment, aged 41, 51, 61 or 71 years, we measured in 1993 serum hsCRP, traditional CV risk factors (lifestyle, metabolic and hemodynamic) and assessed subclinical CV damage [atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid arteries, pulse wave velocity (PWV), urine albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), left ventricular (LV) mass and ejection fraction].
Results:
Adjusting for age and gender in multiple regression analyses, higher log(hsCRP) was associated with higher logPWV (beta = 0.15) and log(left ventricular mass index) (LVMI) (beta = 0.09, both P < 0.001), LV relative wall thickness (beta = 0.07, P < 0.01), logUACR (beta = 0.04, P = 0.06) and more atherosclerotic plaques (beta = 0.06, P < 0.05). However, higher log(hsCRP) was only weakly associated with higher logPWV(beta = 0.06, P < 0.05) and more atherosclerotic plaques (beta = 0.04, P = 0.06) when adjusting for other significant CV risk factors, such as daily smoking (beta = 0.18), female gender (beta = -0.17), older age (beta = 0.11), lower log(high density lipoprotein cholesterol) (beta = -0.11, all P < 0.001); wider waist (beta = 0.17), higher body mass index (beta = 0.14), higher heart rate (beta = 0.06, all P < 0.01); and higher log(plasma glucose) (beta = 0.05, P < 0.05) (adj. R2 = 0.19, P < 0.001).
Conclusion:
After adjustment for traditional CV risk factors hsCRP was only associated with PWV and atherosclerotic plaques, indicating a possible effect of low-grade inflammation on macrovascular damage. The close relationship between traditional CV risk factors and hsCRP suggested that hsCRP was an integrated CV risk marker early in the development of atherosclerosis.
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