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Cleaving automatic processes from strategic biases in phonological priming.

James M McQueen1, Joan Sereno

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. james.mcqueen@mpi.nl

Memory & Cognition
|March 15, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Listeners can strategically use expectations to process spoken words, while automatic phonological priming occurs with specific sound overlaps, especially at short intervals. This research separates these automatic and strategic components of phonological priming.

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Speech Perception

Background:

  • Phonological priming influences spoken word recognition.
  • The interplay between automatic processes and strategic expectations in priming is not fully understood.
  • Previous research suggests both automatic and strategic influences in language processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distinct roles of automatic phonological processes and expectancy-based strategies in spoken word recognition.
  • To determine how different types of phonological overlap and interstimulus intervals (ISIs) affect these processes.
  • To examine whether automatic and strategic components of phonological priming can be dissociated.

Main Methods:

  • A phonological priming experiment using spoken Dutch words.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Manipulation of listener expectancies (related vs. unrelated targets) and phonological relatedness (overlap types: rhyme, one-onset, three-onset phonemes).
  • Varying interstimulus intervals (ISIs) of 50, 500, and 2,000 milliseconds.
  • Lexical decision tasks to measure response times to target words.

    • Main Results:

    • Evidence for expectancy-based strategies across all phonological overlap types, showing faster responses to expected targets.
    • Evidence for automatic phonological processes, indicated by faster responses to related targets, but only for rhyme and three-onset phoneme overlap.
    • Automatic processes were most pronounced at the shortest interstimulus interval (50 msec).

    Conclusions:

    • Phonological priming in spoken word recognition comprises both automatic and strategic components.
    • Strategic processing is flexible and operates across various phonological relationships and time intervals.
    • Automatic phonological processing is constrained by specific phonological overlap types and is sensitive to processing speed, particularly at short intervals, allowing for their dissociation.