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Published on: December 19, 2019
Efficacy of polyphenon E, red ginseng, and rapamycin on benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung tumorigenesis in A/J mice
Ying Yan1, Yian Wang, Qing Tan
1Department of Surgery, The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8109, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Abstract:
The objective of this investigation was to determine the efficacy of several novel agents in preventing lung tumorigenesis in mice. We evaluated polyphenon E, red ginseng, and rapamycin in A/J mice treated with the tobacco-specific carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene for their ability to inhibit pulmonary adenoma formation and growth. We found that treatment with polyphenon E exhibited a significant reduction on both tumor multiplicity and tumor load (tumor multiplicity x tumor volume) in a dose-dependent fashion. Polyphenon E (2% wt/wt) in the diet reduced tumor multiplicity by 46% and tumor load by 94%. This result provided key evidence in support of a phase II clinical chemoprevention trial of lung cancer. Administration of red ginseng in drinking water decreased tumor multiplicity by 36% and tumor load by 70%. The mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor rapamycin showed significant efficacy against lung tumor growth in the tumor progression protocol and reduced tumor load by 84%. The results of these investigations demonstrate that polyphenon E, red ginseng, and rapamycin significantly inhibit pulmonary adenoma formation and growth in A/J mice.
Insights
Polyphenon E, red ginseng, and rapamycin significantly reduced lung tumors in mice. Polyphenon E showed the most significant dose-dependent reduction in tumor multiplicity and load.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Chemoprevention
- Pulmonary Medicine
Background:
- Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide.
- Identifying effective chemopreventive agents is crucial for reducing lung cancer incidence.
- Benzo(a)pyrene exposure in A/J mice serves as a relevant model for studying lung tumorigenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of novel agents, including polyphenon E, red ginseng, and rapamycin, in preventing lung tumorigenesis.
- To assess the impact of these agents on pulmonary adenoma formation and growth.
- To provide evidence supporting potential clinical trials for lung cancer chemoprevention.
Main Methods:
- A/J mice were administered benzo(a)pyrene to induce lung tumors.
- Mice were treated with varying doses of polyphenon E, red ginseng, or rapamycin.
- Tumor multiplicity and tumor load were measured to assess treatment efficacy.
Main Results:
- Polyphenon E demonstrated a dose-dependent reduction in tumor multiplicity (up to 46%) and tumor load (up to 94%).
- Red ginseng decreased tumor multiplicity by 36% and tumor load by 70%.
- Rapamycin significantly inhibited tumor growth, reducing tumor load by 84%.
Conclusions:
- Polyphenon E, red ginseng, and rapamycin exhibit significant chemopreventive effects against lung adenoma formation and growth in a mouse model.
- Polyphenon E's efficacy supports its investigation in a phase II clinical trial for lung cancer.
- These agents represent promising strategies for lung cancer chemoprevention.