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Related Experiment Videos

Acute renal failure in the critically ill.

Ramesh Venkataraman1, John A Kellum

  • 1Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology
|March 15, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in hospitals and linked to high mortality. While drug prevention is limited, advances in renal replacement therapy and novel treatments show promise for improving patient outcomes.

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Acute kidney injury.

Lancet (London, England)·2019

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication in hospitalized patients, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality.
  • Understanding the epidemiology and pathophysiology of AKI is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
  • Significant research efforts are directed towards preventing AKI and facilitating its recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in the prevention, understanding, and treatment of acute kidney injury.
  • To summarize current evidence on pharmacologic interventions for AKI.
  • To highlight progress in renal replacement therapy and emerging treatments for AKI.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes recent findings from preclinical and clinical studies.

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  • It examines the current evidence regarding pharmacologic agents for AKI prevention and treatment.
  • The review also assesses advances in renal replacement therapy techniques.

    • Main Results:

    • Current pharmacologic agents, except possibly for radio-contrast-induced AKI, do not effectively prevent or hasten recovery from AKI.
    • Advances in renal replacement therapy techniques have demonstrably improved patient outcomes.
    • Several novel treatments are in preclinical development and may offer future therapeutic options.

    Conclusions:

    • Preventing AKI and hastening renal recovery remain challenging clinical goals.
    • Recent investigations into AKI pathophysiology are guiding the development of novel therapeutic agents.
    • Enhancements in dialytic techniques and promising new treatments are expected to improve AKI patient outcomes in the near future.