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Maternal cardiac disease.

P Boris W Cox1, Wiebke Gogarten, Marco A E Marcus

  • 1Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Management, University Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology
|March 15, 2006
PubMed
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Cardiac disease affects 0.5-4% of pregnant patients, with congenital heart disease rising. Understanding pregnancy physiology and cardiac pathophysiology is crucial for effective peripartum care.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Obstetrics
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • Cardiac disease affects an estimated 0.5-4% of pregnant patients.
  • Causes include rheumatic disease, uncorrected congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and ischemic heart disease.
  • Congenital heart disease is increasingly prevalent due to surgical advancements allowing survival to childbearing age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of cardiac disease in pregnancy.
  • To highlight the importance of understanding pregnancy physiology and cardiac pathophysiology.
  • To inform anesthesiologists, gynecologists, and cardiologists involved in peripartum care.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article.
  • Literature search on cardiac disease in pregnancy was performed.

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  • Key aspects of pathophysiology and management were synthesized.

    • Main Results:

    • Maternal mortality due to cardiac causes has increased.
    • Increasing maternal age is a significant factor in pregnancy-related cardiac events.
    • Congenital heart disease is becoming the most common cardiac issue in pregnant patients.

    Conclusions:

    • A thorough understanding of maternal cardiac disease and pregnancy physiology is essential.
    • Multidisciplinary care is vital for optimizing outcomes.
    • Further research may focus on specific management strategies for different cardiac conditions during pregnancy.