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Benzene oxidation coupled to sulfate reduction.

D R Lovley, J D Coates, J C Woodward

    Applied and Environmental Microbiology
    |March 1, 1995
    PubMed
    Summary
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    In anaerobic sediments, sulfate-reducing microorganisms can completely metabolize benzene into carbon dioxide. This study shows sulfate acts as the primary electron acceptor for benzene oxidation in these environments.

    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Microbiology
    • Biogeochemistry
    • Anaerobic Respiration

    Background:

    • Benzene is a common environmental pollutant.
    • Anaerobic degradation pathways for benzene are not fully understood.
    • Sulfate reduction is a key process in anoxic environments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate benzene metabolism in anaerobic marine sediments.
    • To identify the electron acceptor for anaerobic benzene oxidation.
    • To elucidate the microbial pathways involved in benzene degradation.

    Main Methods:

    • Incubation of San Diego Bay sediments under anaerobic conditions.
    • Exposure to varying concentrations of benzene and a [(sup14)C]benzene tracer.
    • Use of molybdate to inhibit sulfate reduction.

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  • Isotope trapping experiments to identify intermediates.

    • Main Results:

    • Sediments metabolized benzene under anaerobic conditions, producing (sup14)CO(inf2).
    • Benzene metabolism was dependent on sulfate availability and inhibited by molybdate.
    • Stoichiometry supported sulfate as the electron acceptor.
    • No extracellular intermediates of benzene oxidation were detected.

    Conclusions:

    • Sulfate-reducing microorganisms can completely oxidize benzene to CO2 anaerobically.
    • Sulfate serves as the primary electron acceptor for this process.
    • This study provides the first evidence of natural sediment compounds acting as electron acceptors for anaerobic benzene oxidation.